Catalysts raug hailed li "chips" ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj; tshaj 90% ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom lag luam vam khom rau lawv. Lawv cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb nthuav dav cov haujlwm tseem ceeb xws li kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg, lub zog ua kom zoo, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, thiab lub zog tshiab, raws li cov lus qhia hauv qab no:
Petroleum thiab Chemical Production
Qhov no yog thawj daim ntawv thov ib txwm siv rau cov catalysts, txhawb nqa kev tsim khoom zoo ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg:
Petroleum Refining: Catalysts xws li molecular sieves thiab hydrotreating agents yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem xws li catalytic cracking, hloov kho, thiab alkylation. Lawv hloov cov roj av rau hauv cov roj huv huv (piv txwv li, roj av thiab diesel), ua kom cov roj zoo thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Basic Inorganic Chemicals: Hlau-raws li catalysts yog siv nyob rau hauv ammonia synthesis, vanadium catalysts nyob rau hauv sulfuric acid ntau lawm, thiab npib tsib xee-raws li chav hloov pauv catalysts hauv kev npaj syngas; cov no ua cov pob txha rau kev tsim cov chiv thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg yooj yim.
Polymer Synthesis: Polyolefin catalysts-xws li Ziegler-Natta thiab metallocene hom- yog siv rau kev qhia polymerization ntawm siab- cov ntaub ntawv kawg xws li polyethylene thiab polypropylene, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv tshiab hauv kuv lub tebchaws.
Fine thiab Pharmaceutical Chemicals: Activated carbon-txhawb cov catalysts pab txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xws li hydrogenation thiab oxidation, txhawb kev sib xyaw ntsuab ntawm cov tshuaj nruab nrab thiab cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb thaum txo kev siv hluav taws xob thiab los ntawm - cov khoom tsim.
Environmental Protection thiab Pollution Control
Ua raws li "cov neeg saib xyuas ib puag ncig," catalysts tau dav siv los txo thiab ntxuav ntau yam kuab paug:
Flue Gas Denitrification: SCR denitrification catalysts (vanadium-raws li los yog molecular sieve hom) yog siv rau hauv cov thee- raug rho tawm haujlwm boilers, steel sintering tshuab, thiab industrial kilns. Lawv hloov cov nitrogen oxides rau hauv cov pa roj nitrogen uas tsis muaj teeb meem, ua haujlwm tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom tau raws li "Tuam Tshoj VI" cov qauv emissions thiab kho cov roj flue gas.
VOC thiab Khib Nyiab Gas Purification: Precious thiab tsis yog - cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo hlau combustion catalysts yog siv los degrade volatile organic compounds (VOCs) hauv kev lag luam xws li kev tsim tshuaj, luam ntawv, thiab tshuaj tsuag txheej; lawv tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg zoo li dioxins thiab chlorinated organic pollutants. CO Advanced Treatment: Platinum-palladium-raws li noble hlau catalysts oxidize carbon monoxide- pom nyob rau hauv khib nyiab incineration, roj- boilers, thiab confined mining qhov chaw- mus rau hauv cov pa roj carbon dioxide tsis muaj teeb meem, yog li tiv thaiv kom txhob muaj kab mob lom.
Kev Kho Dej thiab Cua Purification: Activated carbon catalysts yog siv rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm kev luam ntawv thiab dyeing nrog rau kev ua haujlwm petrochemical, thaum photocatalysts tuaj yeem decompose recalcitrant organic pollutants hauv dej thiab huab cua nyob rau hauv lub teeb raug.
