Cov Ntsiab Cai ntawm Core Catalytic Technologies
Catalytic technology hloov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab txo qis kev ua kom lub zog los ntawm kev siv cov catalysts. Qhov no ua rau nrawm nrawm nrawm yam tsis hloov tag nrho Gibbs dawb lub zog ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis cov catalyst nws tus kheej huab hwm coj thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Mainstream technology hom muaj xws li:
Homogeneous catalysis: Cov catalyst thiab reactants muaj nyob rau hauv tib theem, muab cov chaw zoo sib xws thiab kev xaiv siab, txawm tias qhov kev rov qab los yog qhov nyuaj; Cov piv txwv xws li acid-base catalysis thiab coordination complex catalysis.
Heterogeneous catalysis : Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim ntawm cov khoom siv -gas lossis khoom - kua interfaces. Qhov no yog hom siv dav tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam kev lag luam, qhov twg reactants yog adsorbed thiab qhib los ntawm cov chaw nquag nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom ntxeem tau, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev lag luam tas mus li.
Novel frontier catalysis : suav nrog ib zaug - atom catalysis, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, thiab nanoconfined catalysis. Qhov tseem ceeb, ib qho - atom catalysts tuaj yeem ua tiav cov haujlwm catalytic mus txog 5.3 npaug ntawm cov khoom siv ib txwm siv, txhim kho kev siv hlau atom zoo heev.
Mainstream Preparation Technologies
Industrial catalysts feem ntau muaj peb yam: active Cheebtsam, kev txhawb nqa, thiab txhawb nqa. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev npaj muaj xws li:
Txoj kev los nag: Cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tau ua los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tom qab ziab thiab calcined kom tawm los ntawm cov khoom kawg; txoj kev no yog tsim nyog rau kev npaj multi-composite oxide catalysts.
Txoj kev impregnation: Ib qho kev txhawb nqa ntxeem tau rau hauv cov tshuaj uas muaj cov khoom xyaw nquag, tso cai rau cov khoom tso rau hauv kev txhawb nqa lub pores; qhov no yog txheej txheem txheej txheem rau kev npaj txhawb nqa noble hlau catalysts.
Sol-gel txoj kev: Ua tiav molecular- theem tsis sib xws ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev txhawb nqa, tso cai rau kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev xws li pore ntim thiab pore loj faib.
Mechanochemical synthesis: Cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm kev sib tsoo pob zeb; Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov yooj yim thiab zoo ib puag ncig, thiab feem ntau yog siv los npaj mesoporous hydrogenation catalysts.
